Sigular Noun and Plural Noun

Singular  means only one.

Plural means more than one.

In order to make a noun plural add s to form the plural. Example:

cat ⇒ cats
truck ⇒ trucks
bug ⇒ bugs

The rules for spelling plural nouns are based on the letters at the end of the word.

1. If a singular noun ends in -s,-ss,-ch,-sh or –x , its plural is usually formed by adding –es

Example: bus ⇒ buses        brush ⇒ brushes        fox ⇒ foxes
beach ⇒ beaches                     quiz ⇒ quizzes

2. Nouns that end in vowel + y or vowel + o Add sto form the plural

Example :  donkey ⇒ donkeys         highway ⇒ highways

oreo ⇒ oreos               scenario ⇒ scenarios

3. Nouns that end in consonant + y Change the yto i and add es to form the plural.

Example :  family ⇒ families              trophy ⇒ trophies

4. Irregular nouns form plurals in unusual ways. Dictionaries will give you the plural spelling if it is irregular.

child ⇒  children ,         foot ⇒  feet              tooth ⇒ teeth        man ⇒  men

5. Some nouns are spelled the same way whether they are singular or plural.

fish ⇒  fish           sheep ⇒  sheep          deer ⇒  deer

You can see below that nouns with the same endings form plurals in the same way every time.

 -a ⇒ -ae

amoeba ⇒ amoebae     antenna ⇒ antennae       alumna ⇒ alumnae

-us ⇒ -i

cactus ⇒ cacti,          nucleus ⇒ nuclei,          fungus ⇒ fungi

-is ⇒ -es

axis ⇒ axes          hypothesis ⇒ hypotheses

-on ⇒ -a 

criterion ⇒ criteria           phenomenon ⇒ phenomena

 -ie ⇒ -ce

die ⇒ dice

Some nouns exist only in the plural form.

Example: Pants    Clothes    Pajamas     Glasses

Scissors     Goggles      Shorts     Jitters         Tweezers